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Sunday, July 8, 2012

Perfect way to handle exception in constructor

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

 

class list

{

public:

    int length;

    list(){}

    list( int a )

   

    //{ &&&&&&&&  this opening Bracket is important

 

 

        try{  ///implementation in try block for constructors and functions

            length = a;

            if ( length < 0 )   {

                std::string s("negative length of list");

                throw    s  ;  // surly it can not be negative}

            }

    }

    catch(std::string& e)

    {

        //throw e;

        std::cout <<"Will get Printed" << std::endl;

        std::cout << e <<std::endl;

    }

 

    //} &&&&&&&& this closing Bracket is important if this are uncomented exception will not get rethrown by constructor, because catch is handled within list constructor.

    /* output if &&&&&&&&& coments are kept within by code

   

    Will get Printed

    negative length of list

    Will not get printed

    Will not get Printed

    Will get Printed

    */

    /* output if &&&&&&&&& coments are comented(not kept) within by code, *try catch this way is prefered*

   

    Will get Printed

    negative length of list

    Will get Printed

    negative length of list

    Will get Printed

    negative length of list

    Will get Printed

 

    */

 

    // Text from official C++ language specifcation, page 302

    //The exception being handled is rethrown if control reaches the end of a handler of the function-try-block of a constructor or destructor. Otherwise, a function returns when control reaches the end of a handler for the function-try-block (6.6.3). Flowing off the end of a function-try-block is equivalent to a return with no value; this results in undefined behavior in a value-returning function (6.6.3).

};

 

class A :  public list

{

public:

    int h;

    A( void )

        try : list(-1) // initialization list after try statment

    {

        h = 9; // exception thrown from C

        std::cout << "Will not get printed" << std::endl;//

    }

    catch(string& e)

    {

        //throw e;

        std::cout <<"Will get Printed" << std::endl;

        std::cout << e <<std::endl;

    }

};

 

int main()

{

    try{

        A a;

        std::cout <<"Will not get Printed" << std::endl; // Since Object a is incomplete, so by default every constructor will rethrow exception from list(-1) till this try block

        //

    }

    catch(string& e)

    {

        std::cout <<"Will get Printed" << std::endl;

        std::cout<< e << std::endl;

        //  std::cout<< "printed" << std::endl;

    }

    catch(...)

    {

        std::cout << "All Handled" << std::endl;

    }

    std::cout <<"Will get Printed" << std::endl;

}

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